
Replication Files for Chapter 9:
Bornschier, Simon. 2018. “Ideational and Party-System-Centered Explanations of Populist Success: Latin America and Western Europe Compared.” In Populism and the Study of Ideas, edited by Kirk A. Hawkins, Ryan E. Carlin, Levente Littvay, and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser. Abingdon: Routledge.


The analyses rely on a calculation of party positions and voter preferences, each measured using different types of data. The supply and demand sides are then combined to measure party system responsiveness. The latter is calculated using ordered logit regressions using the demand side data and are contained in the corresponding syntaxes. The party positions needed to perform these analyses are either derived from published work or using the supply-side syntaxes (see below on what applies in the West European and Latin American context, respectively), and inserted into the demand-side syntaxes by hand. In what follows, I provide a separate overview of the files contained in the online supporting materials for the Latin American and the West European cases. All analyses were performed using STATA and the documentation provides the corresponding do-files. The data can be consulted using the links provided below, and are available from the author upon request (I do not have the right to share them in public). A documentation of the items used at the party and voter levels is provided in the printed Appendix to Chapter 9. 


Latin American cases

The analysis of party positions in Uruguay and Venezuela is based on the PELA elite surveys conducted by the Elites project at the University of Salamanca (http://americo.usal.es/oir/elites/index.htm). The surveys used for Uruguay are Estudio 34 (legislative period 1995-2000) and Estudio 54 (legislative period 2005-2010), and for Venezuela Estudio 36 (legislative period 1993-1998) and estudio 35 (legislative period 2000-2005). For both Uruguay and Venezuela, the most recent data set is used for the second time point. Because no survey was conducted in Venezuela subsequent to the one fielded in 2000, the second time point is earlier in this country. 

For the first time point, face-to-face interviews with legislators were conducted in 1995, very close to the fieldwork of the World Values Survey’s (WVS) Wave 3 (1994-99) wave, where the interviews in Venezuela and Uruguay were conducted in 1996. For the second point in time, Wave 4 was used for Venezuela (fielded in 2000) and Wave 5 for Uruguay (fielded in 2006). Data and documentation are available under http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org. 

The replication files contain separate syntaxes for the supply and demand sides for every election year in covered by the analysis of Uruguay and Venezuela.



West European cases

For France and Germany, the supply-side data (party positions) are taken directly from Bornschier (2010. Cleavage Politics and the Populist Right. The New Cultural Conflict in Western Europe. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, Appendix A). These analyses are based on the data collected by Kriesi et al. (Hanspeter Kriesi, Edgar Grande, Romain Lachat, Martin Dolezal, Simon Bornschier, and Timotheos Frey. 2008. Western European Politics in the Age of Globalization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.).

For the analysis of voter preferences, a separate syntax is used for each election year. The following post-election surveys are used to measure voter positions: 

France

Enquête post-électorale française, 1978 (Ref.: q0062)
Enquête post-électorale française, 1988 (Ref.: q0601)
Enquête post-électorale française, 1995 (Ref.: q0891)
Panel électoral français 2002 (Ref.: PEF 2002)
The surveys are available at the Socio-Political Data Archive (http://cdsp.sciences-po.fr). 

Germany

Wahlstudie 1976 (Ref.: ZA0823)
Nachwahlstudie 1994 (Ref.: ZA 2601)
Politische Einstellungen, politische Partizipation und Wählerverhalten im vereinigten Deutschland 1998 (Ref.: ZA 3066)
Bundestagswahlstudie 2002 (Ref.: ZA 3861). 
Surveys available at the Central Archive for Empirical Social Research (ZA; http://www.gesis.org/).
